The Mexican American War And Foreign Soil - 1081 Words

Today, we are going to talk about the first U.S. armed conflict chiefly fought on foreign soil; The Mexican-American War (1846-1848). Motivated by the U.S. President James K. Polk, who believed the United States had a â€Å"manifest destiny† to spread across the continent to the Pacific Ocean, he pitted a politically divided and militarily unprepared Mexico. A border skirmish along the Rio Grande started off the fighting and was followed by a series of U.S. victories. At the end of the war, Mexico had lost about one-third of its territory. Let’s go back to those events in details. First of all: What caused the Mexican-American War to begin? The Mexican American War was mainly driven by the idea of â€Å"Manifest Destiny†; the belief that the U.S had a God-given right to occupy and civilize the whole continent. As increasingly large number of Americans migrated towards the west in search of land, the fact that most of those areas already had people living in them was ignored. Instead, an attitude and belief that democratic English-speaking America would do a better job of running the lands than the Native Americans or Spanish-speaking Catholic Mexicans prevailed. President Polk shared and led the vision of Manifest Destiny, and did offer to buy much of the southwest land from Mexico. However the Mexican government refused the offer, and an unyeilding desire to populate those southwestern lands caused tensions to continue to rise. The second major cause of the Mexican American WarShow MoreRelatedThe Expansion Of The Westward Expansion904 Words   |  4 Pagesfor westward expansion was land, war, power and the most important was freedom. During the 1840’s west of the Unites States had an abundance of scarcely inhabited land. The thought of cheap land, room for families to grow, and business opportunity lead to, hundreds of happy millions, calling, owning no master, but governed by God s natural and moral law of equity, heading west. Americans found out about this land opportunity through the invitation of the Mexicans which is very important on how expansionRead MoreAn Exercise Of American Imperialism1381 Words   |  6 Pages1846-1848: Southward Aggression II,† argues that the Mexican War was indeed an exercise of American imperialism. Throughout his presidency, James K. Polk made a promise to the American people to honor Manifest Destiny, expanding the territory of the United States to the Paci fic Ocean. Polk was blinded by his tunnel vision, and was more than willing to pay the cost of thousands of Mexican lives (over twice as many as Americans) in pursuit of his goal. The Mexican government was weak, so, Polk took advantageRead MoreThe Annexation of Texas Essay580 Words   |  3 PagesThe Mexican War of 1846-1848 was one of major importance to U.S. history, but has since fallen into annals of obscurity. It was the nation’s first war fought on foreign soil: a war that advocated the concept of â€Å"manifest destiny†, the United States God-given right to claim territory for the establishment of a free democratic society (Stevenson 2009). Even though many historians claim the war was forced on Mexico by slaveholders greedy for new territory, President John Polk viewed the war as an opportunityRead MoreCompare and contrast the War of 1812 and the Mexican-American War.1456 Words   |  6 PagesThe War of 1812 and the Mexican-American War are two wars that phy sically appear two opposites. The War of 1812 involves plenty of naval battles and a few major land battles, while the Mexican-American War involves numerous land battles and few, if any, naval battles. However there are numerous similarities. The War of 1812, The US saw Great Britain as a major problem because of their definition of contraband and the impressment of American sailors into the British Navy. And around this time theRead MoreDrug Cartels And The United States1688 Words   |  7 Pagesenter the United States through various openings along the U.S- Mexican Border. There are nine important crossings, such as Tijuana-San Diego, Mexicali, and Ciudad Juarez-El Paso. From Texas to Southern California, these drugs are handed out throughout the United States via partner organizations. Some of which are lead directly to Mexican Drug Cartels. The United States should continue to be in the involvement with Mexico’s ongoing drug war because it directly affects them. There are seven main drugRead MoreThe Expansion Of The United States1075 Words   |  5 Pagesthat caused the westward expansion and led to many wars between all different types of people and the different countries that used the land. The expansion allowed for the lifespan to increase, the economy blossomed, and the main goal was accomplished which was getting occupation of America from ocean coast to ocean coast. In the early 1800s the United States started their goal of the westward expansion. The idea of Manifest Destiny helped Americans to advance their civilization all the way to theRead MoreThe Trends Of Foreign Policy And National Security1653 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican foreign policy has gradually changed since the birth of our nation. On July 4, 1891, John Quincy Adams addressed the Senate and House of Representatives during a powerful Independence Day speech designed to prevent an alliance with the Greeks against the Ottoman Empire. Although sympathetic to their cause, he warned against involving America in other states’ affairs, stating,† America does not go abroad in search of monsters to destroy. She is the well-wisher to Freedom and independenceRead MoreThe Mexican War Of Mexico1466 Words   |  6 PagesThe Mexican War Starting in 1845 and concluding in 1850 with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was the era where the Mexican war occurred. This war had triggers with disagreements on the ideal of Manifest Destiny and major actions by President Polk that led the United States into attempting to annex Texas. Texas at that time was independent and was not part of Mexico nor America. Mexico wanted Texas to stay neutral that they threatened a war to the United States if they tried anything to attempt anythingRead MoreThe American Of The Mexican American War Essay730 Words   |  3 Pages 1 Thomas Gordon The Mexican-American War 28 January 2015 US History University of Phoenix In 1846-1848 was the first time the U.S would fight a war on foreign soil, it was called the Mexican-American war. At this time Mexico was just starting to develop into a government and was extremely confused and leadership was split between decisions. While the U.S government was head over heels about pushing the country’s borders farther and farther across North America with onlyRead MoreBook Review : The Southern Press 1515 Words   |  7 PagesThese acts were a repeat of history. Looking back to the early 1830s, in the book, â€Å"War of a 1,000 Deserts,† after decades of relative peace, northern Mexicans and the Indians whom they called â€Å"the barbarians† descended into a terrifying cycle of violence. For the next fifteen years, owing in part to changes unleashed by American expansion, Indian warriors launched devastating attacks across Texas and various Mexican states. Raids and counter-raids claimed thousands of lives, ruined much of northern

Machiavelli Realism over Idealism Free Essays

Luke Pelagio Due 5/27/2011 Period 4 Machiavelli: Realism Over Idealism Nicolo Machiavelli is known as being an archetypical realist; in other words, he was someone who originated the idea that we should not try to figure out how people should be, but rather accept and deal with the world as it literally is. Unlike Machiavelli, Plato posited an idealist view of a philosopher king reigning through virtue. To Machiavelli, this is an extremely dangerous delusion for it ignores what he considers the reality of the human condition: humans are brutal, selfish, and fickle (Machiavelli and Power Politics). We will write a custom essay sample on Machiavelli: Realism over Idealism or any similar topic only for you Order Now You don’t need a philosopher king to secure off enemies and reinforce order/stability; on the other hand, you need a prince or a leader who understands what it takes to lead. It is better to be feared than loved if you can’t be both. â€Å"Nevertheless a prince ought to inspire fear in such a way that, if he does not win love, he avoids hated; because he can endure very well being feared whilst he not hated, which will always be as long as he abstains from the property of his citizens and subjects and from their women,† (Machiavelli, The Prince). Machiavelli applied force to get what he wanted, but he always kept his hands off the property of others. This is because men more quickly forget the death of their father than the loss of their patrimony (Machiavelli, The prince). In The Prince, Machiavelli demonstrates how to obtain and keep political power. This is what he did using witty tactics. 1 A prince must always pay diligent attention to military circumstances if he wants to reside in power, so the most desirable and beneficial type of army are native troops, composed of one’s own citizens or subjects. The prince has many characteristics that are crucial to his standing in a society such as: it is better to be stingy than generous, it is better to be cruel than merciful, it is better to break promises if keeping them would be against one’s interests, and princes should choose wise advisors rather than flatterers. All these attributes are key to how well a Prince thrives (Public Bookshelf, The Prince). A prince must learn not to be limited to morality when unavoidable; a leader has to be able to use lies, force and deception if required in the world. Whether it is better to be feared or loved clearly addresses the reason for this. You can’t trust people, for they will turn on you. It is inevitable. Human nature means that doing what you must do at all costs according to any moral code simply puts you at a disadvantage. In addition, humans are generally under agreement to throw out such moral concerns if it is to their advantage. â€Å"Men have less scruple in offending one who is beloved than one who is feared, for love is preserved by the link of obligation which, owing to the baseness of men, is broken at every opportunity for their advantage; but fear preserves you by a dread of punishment which never fails,† (Machiavelli, The Prince). This quote perfectly demonstrates Machiavellian realism. First, it is a very opposing and adverse view on human nature. Second, it is realistic and logical. If, by any chance, you are a prince or a leader, and you do not understand the atrocious inherent in 2 men, you will fail. Those who are most ruthless will have power; this is just reality. â€Å"For my part I consider that it is better to be adventurous than cautious, because fortune is a woman, and if you wish to keep her under it is necessary to beat and ill-use her; and it is seen that she allows herself to be mastered by the adventurous rather than by those who go to work more coldly. She is, therefore, always, woman-like, a lover of young men, because they are less cautious, more violent, and with more audacity command her,† (Machiavelli, The Prince). Machiavelli politics is definitely aimed toward the masculine side. It is power and control, so fortune is feminine and more anarchy. If not under control, it will be unstable and chaotic. His influence stretches far beyond Italy in the sixteenth century and lies with us today in how we think/understand the world of international relations. Everything I have read such as: ideas about Plato, Aristotle, Thomas Hobbes, and Nicolo Machiavelli are all extremely important to my knowledge and insight about political concepts/background. I believe that to be educated one must have familiar knowledge with those who have shaped today’s political society and government. Machiavelli’s ideas, in particular, are used everywhere today. One who has not been informed of Nicolo Machiavelli would be living in ignorance, for that individual would be clueless of how ideas today became what they are/how they are. When President Nixon organized the Watergate Scandal in 1973, the public had 3 no inclination that their leader was capable of such corrupt and unscrupulous means. Nixon, under the impression that his campaign was vulnerable, manipulated for power in the only way he saw fitting, hoodwinking. Take a look at President Truman; he dropped a bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki reaching casualties of 120,000. According to him, survival of the United States was so admonished that the use of such insignificant means was necessary. Even President Obama has his faults. The ideas of hope were what we, the people, needed to hear. It would allow us to be optimistic, and contain a false sense of protection thinking that everything would work out. Barak Obama made many promises; he said everything that we would ever want to hear. However, none of his promises have come true. Maybe in extremely insufficient ways we are approaching the goals of what he promised. This is barely noticeable though. In conclusion, the tactics and ideas formed and created by Nicolo Machiavelli are ingenious. President Obama noticed that Machiavelli’s ideas â€Å"work,† and he used them to his advantage to help him become the President of the United States of America. Lastly, I don’t think that I could live in a Machiavellian-ruled/based society. While the Prince or ruler thrives, the people are lied to and don’t have very much value. One thing is absolute, though: Machiavelli’s ideas can’t be ignored or discarded simply because we do not wish them to be true. We must accept the reality of everything, and do something positive for our country. 4 How to cite Machiavelli: Realism over Idealism, Essay examples

Medicaid Program Evaluation free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Medicaid Program Evaluation. Answer: Introduction Medicaid Program was established in the year 1995. It was created by the Social Security Amendments (SSA), Title, XIX was added by the amendment to the Social Security Act (SSA). The Medicaid Programs primary objective was to help the states with provision of the medical assistance to the citizens who could not pay for even basic medical costs. The Medicaid Program has improved the health coverage effectiveness amongst millions citizens in America. Moreover, Medicaid is regarded as a government insurance program for people of all ages with low income who cannot pay for medical cost. The beneficiaries of the Medicaid Program entails low-income adults, elderly adults as well as disabled individuals, pregnant females and children. Nevertheless, Medicaid Program funding that is via federal states and government is extremely puzzling. The scope, duration, amount as well as type of the services to be delivered are determined independently by each state within federal vast guidelines. The biggest problem arises when the United States economy undergoes economic hard time like higher unemployment rate alongside big crises like Hurricane Katrina. Such situations make millions of families and individuals to be Medicaid-eligible sine these calamitous instants put more unwanted pressure on respective states to arrive at challenging budgetary decisions including forcing states to dollars from non-mandatory including school funding of K-12 into Medicaid Program. Thus leads to budget cuts and augmented taxes. The adverse effect ultimately becomes a loss to other key economic sectors. Summary Goal: To establish an evaluation scheme that will help interrogate the effects of Medicaid Program budgetary changes on the community OBJECTIVE STRATEGEIS PRCOESS INDICATORS DATA COLLETION IMPACT/OUTCOME INDICATORS DATA COLLECTION METHOD 1. To establish whether surplus and additional funding or deficit and cut is the best budgetary approach for Medicaid program Examining the effects of a deficit and cut on Medicaid Program on one hand and then analyze the effects of the surplus of additional funding on the other Amount of cost associated with surplus or deficits Documentation Adopting surplus or additional funding as the best budgetary approach Survey To analyze the feedbacks from the beneficiary both during the cut and deficit on one hand and then analyze the feedbacks of the surplus and additional funding on the other Amount of feedbacks and complaints from the beneficiaries Count feedbacks and complaints Increased uptake for Medicaid Program Survey To analyze the benefits of Medicaid Program through reduction in hospitalization cost reduction Amount by which the cost have increased or reduced due to Medicaid Program Estimating the amount of costs reduction Great reduction on medical costs Survey 2. To enhance awareness among the policymakers on the effect of the budgetary changes on Medicaid Program Arrange for a meeting with the policymakers and explain to them my findings about the budgetary changes effects on the Medicaid Program Number of policymakers attending the meeting Count the number and document The Policymakers will have been exposed on the need to adopt surplus or additional funding budgetary approach Survey Write a detailed report and deliver to the policymakers with clear recommendations on the best approach Number of reports delivered and the number of reports received and stamped as received Count the number of the reports delivered and stamped as received Policymakers exposed to the best budgetary approach for Medicaid Program Survey 3. To increase awareness among the public on the benefits of the Medicaid Program Advertise on many channels the benefits of the Medicaid Program Quantity alongside types of the advertising materials generated and disseminated Documentation Public exposed to program shall report a surged awareness of the benefits of the Medicaid Program Survey the public exposed to the program Community outreach and extension program to educate the people about the need to take up the Medicaid Program services Number of locals attending the workshops or the outreach programs Count the number of the locals attending the outreach Locals exposed to the Medicaid Program Survey Rationale This evaluation remains timely and significance. Both adverse and positive and impacts of fluctuations in the budget have been acknowledged with respect to funding Medicaid Program in the course of the crises. The common negative impacts of budgetary fluctuations encompass reduction in jobs or employment alongside service leading to arising from the surges in program enrolment. Those expenditure cuts adversely affect Medicaid Program payment alongside services besides associated sectors. Occasionally, the FMAP fails to avail extra funding thereby hampering provider reimbursement rates. This rate this face various hurdles as a result to incapability of the states to evade the cuts for the payment of surged Medicaid Program enrollment. The overall funding revenue deficit further contributes to encounters in the reimbursement rates by provider culminating in an enduring imbalance spending and the revenue collected (United States 2008). This evaluation will hence remain increasingly useful amongst the states as it will inform efficient alterations in changes Medicaid Program funding thereby to containing the cost. These budgetary fluctuations hence impact the society because that states will have to freeze as well as reduce the payment to both physicians and providers. The removal and restrain of certain benefit that would otherwise accrued to community. The fluctuations in the budgets will force the states to use pre-emptive policies for controlling the drug prescription usage. The states might as well be compelled to upsurge the tax rates thereby making the community to face following upsurges commodity prices. The increases in the commodity prices shall lead to additional cost of living among the populace. Either surged taxation or expenditure cuts or even a merger of the two concurrently are required to fund the budget deficits from the Medicaid Program. Both levels of the government are limited to federal funds and face challenges in case there cuts in in funding by the federal government. The two levels further agonize when the federal government makes a decision to boost its revenue via the higher tax. Albeit community and state are the indirect benefits beneficiary of the taxpayers via the federal tax credits and cuts like benefits shall stop where a tax surge is witnessed, it will culminate in a drop in the preference of tax spending. The state and local governments always shift the tax burden in cases of in unattainable situations to community. Tax-raising alongside indirect cost-reduction measures based on federal law adversely impact the community in which homeowners will be compelled to increase price of houses. Thus there shall be a decreasing disturbance in real estate values that is the foundation for the local property taxation hence culminating in a decrease in rate of interest. Therefore, a federal government will greatly lose. The house-value use as the base for property taxa shall out-of-date thus locals will suffer a cost. Both sales taxes and user charges employed in the improvement of federal revenues will lead to a loss in the community. Such strategies will lead to intensive and stiff competition for revenue between the two levels of government. The state will respond to such a mechanism by agonizing the surges due to an increase of thirty billion dollars marginal revenue for the federal government when the federal government increases its motor fuel tax for example, by twenty-five cents to wards deficit budget funding. The states abilities to effect such increments in taxes shall be limited even in the face of a clear drop in revenue. The scope of this evaluations was relevant in providing a detailed data that can help effectively understand the effects of the budgetary changes on the community. Thus by bringing both the policymakers and the beneficiaries of the Medicaid Program in this evaluation, primary data will be availed on a first-hand basis which will help really have an informed report to make the policymakers adopt the right budgetary approach that guarantees least adverse effect to the community (Iglehart and Sommers 2015). The timing of this evaluation is right and comes at the best required time. Despite Medicaid Program a good policy that helps millions of people, it is undergoing serious challenges and the person that is mostly hurt is the community who were the very same group that Medicaid wanted to help (Schubart, Camacho and Leslie 2014). Thus this evaluation is imperative in helping inform the states to have the best budgetary approach to help salvage this fast-deteriorating state of affairs. Any delay would have greatly led to a worsened situation as many people fail to benefit from the program and yet they can still not afford even the basic healthcare. Thus this is the right time that the policymakers should take the budgetary changes more seriously to save the community from these apparent agony. The stakeholders for this evaluation are justified. One hand, the policymakers and on the other the beneficiaries of the Medicaid Program are inexcusable stakeholders when it comes to this issue. This is because the actions taken by the policymakers will have an immediate and direct impact on the beneficiaries or the community at large. Thus, there is a need to bring both the policymakers and beneficiaries and listen to both sides before coming up with any effective plan. It must be understood that any error, unintentional or intentional made by these stakeholders will direct affect the community, very one that is sovereign and must always come first. Therefore, bringing the beneficiaries will help me get their views which will then be provided to the policymakers inform of report with particular recommendations. This will be effective because the Medicaid Program is aimed at the beneficiaries whose wellbeing reigns supreme than any other policy. This is effective since having the be neficiaries feedbacks and complaints as integral parts of the strategy to deal with the issues of budgetary changes to reduce their impacts on the community will greatly inform the best approach that should be adopted to enhance the Medicaid Program. The choice of the persons to undertake the evaluation is also well informed. For example, evaluating the Medicaid Program will be overseen by competent policymaker working along a team of ten individuals with knowledge on how the Program works, its strength as well as weaknesses and the potential areas for improvement to meet the intended goals (Keast Thompson, Farmer, Smith, Nesser, and Harrison 2014). The process, outcome and impact of this evaluation remains highly imperative. As seen in the table above, various outcomes have been showcased. It is expected that this evaluation will have the community a great deal (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services 2016). This is because adopting the best budgetary approach will ensure that the Program remains effective without hitches and that it help the beneficiaries in their times of need. These questions will be effective in evaluating the Medicaid Program. By focusing on answering the question related to effects on the community caused by the hitches on the budgetary, it is will help point out to the relevant agencies and policymakers to improve Medicaid and reduce the adverse on the community. Some of the ethical issues considered here will include asking for the consent from the stakeholders since I will be dealing with the human subjects. I will ensure that the information they give me is used for only the purpose which they have consented. I will ensure that their confidentiality and privacy. The political issues relevant to Medicaid Program is that the decision to be taken is politically informed. Thus the changes will have to be subjected to certain form of politics before it is accepted. Thus the recommendations may never necessarily be implemented which can be detrimental to the community who suffer when Medicaid Program is intended to help the community (Garfield, Damico, Stephens and Rouhani 2016). Analysis There are a range of factors that will dictate the successful dissemination as well as utilization of the evaluation findings. The first factor regards to the political matters. The politics will play a fundamental role when it comes to the utilization of the evaluation report (Taubman, Allen, Wright, Baicker and Finkelstein 2014). This is because for the policymakers to utilize this evaluation findings, the government will have to have a say and hence the process will be lagged before full implementation (Thompson 2012). Another issue that will impede dissemination is costs. Evaluating the program will consume much costs and time. Where the huge costs are required, it would be difficult to undertake evaluation and subsequently disseminate (Taubman, Allen, Wright, Baicker and Finkelstein 2014). Thus where the process of dissemination is hampered, there is a direct and automatic aspects as it will mean that many policymakers will not have access to the evaluation report. The net effect of this is the inability to utilize the findings to better the community (Rowley and Schneider 2004). Another issue that will determine the utilization of the evaluation report could be relevance of the findings. Only when the policymakers will be convinced that the information provided in the report meets the required standards for implementation will the evaluation be used (Baicker, Finkelstein, Song and Taubman 2014). Thus ensuring detailed and comprehensive report with convincing information will make the policymakers to adopt and use the recommendations presented (Barua, Greenwald, Grebely Dore, Swan and Taylor 2015). Conclusion A surplus/additional funding is recommended for the Medicaid Program instead of deficit/ cut as the best approach for budgetary to finance Medicaid program. The rationale behind this suggestions is that state has continuously face challenges in attempts to escape the deficit. Therefore, a surplus alongside additional funding approach seams appealing. Furthermore, the cut and deficit adversely affect the society as highlighted since such a cut culminate to an incapability to offer quality services to the populace. Both additional funding and surplus remain recommendable due the fact they will buttress the community of programs creation thereby offering quality services to the beneficiaries of the Medicaid Program (Schick 2007). The cut and deficit funding will lead to poor performance of the economy which makes the state government to halt the provision of the essential needs for the public culminating into condensed living standards. The Program offers healthcare to many beneficiaries across America. Those states that have embraced the Medicaid program have made sure that their populace have effective access to quality healthcare even in the course of recession alongside calamitous events (Garfield, Damico, Stephens and Rouhani 2016). It remains clear from the above deliberation that both federal and state governments response to these crises account for severe loss the society via expenditure cuts and augmented taxation (Rowley and Schneider 2004). Both federal and state government levels need to work in collaboration as well as undertake effective harmonization of the Medicaid Program operation in a way which discourages the budgetary cuts and deficits thereby ensuring that the Medicaid Program meets its envisioned goals amongst the recipients (Barua, Greenwald, Grebely, Dore, Swan and Taylor 2015). Both government must escape deficits as well as cut on their budgetary frameworks each time to speak to the underlying challenges deliberated overhead connected to budgetary fluctuations in the course of the crises. Both government levels must adopt the additional funding and surplus to effectively buttress programs to guarantee effectiveness of the Medicaid Program. References Baicker, K., Finkelstein, A., Song, J. and Taubman, S., 2014. The impact of medicaid on labor market activity and program participation: Evidence from the oregon health insurance experiment. The American economic review, 104(5), pp.322-328. Barua, S., Greenwald, R., Grebely, J., Dore, G.J., Swan, T. and Taylor, L.E., 2015. Restrictions for Medicaid Reimbursement of Sofosbuvir for the Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United StatesMedicaid Restrictions of Sofosbuvir for Hepatitis C. Annals of internal medicine, 163(3), pp.215-223. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2016. Medicare and Medicaid EHR incentive program basics. Garfield, R., Damico, A., Stephens, J. and Rouhani, S., 2016. The coverage gap: uninsured poor adults in states that do not expand Medicaidan update. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation. Iglehart, J.K. and Sommers, B.D., 2015. Medicaid at 50from welfare program to nations largest health insurer. Keast, S.L., Thompson, D., Farmer, K., Smith, M., Nesser, N. and Harrison, D., 2014. Impact of a prior authorization policy for montelukast on clinical outcomes for asthma and allergic rhinitis among children and adolescents in a state Medicaid program. Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy, 20(6), pp.612-621. Ketler, S. R. 2008. Medicaid: Services, costs and future. New York: Nova Science. Rowley, C. K., and Schneider, F. 2004. The encyclopedia of public choice. Dordrecht [etc.: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Schick, A. 2007. The federal budget: Politics, policy, process. Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution Press. Schubart, J.R., Camacho, F. and Leslie, D., 2014. Psychotropic medication trends among children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder in the Medicaid program. Autism, 18(6), pp.631-637. Taubman, S.L., Allen, H.L., Wright, B.J., Baicker, K. and Finkelstein, A.N., 2014. Medicaid increases emergency-department use: evidence from Oregon's Health Insurance Experiment. Science, 343(6168), pp.263-268. Taubman, S.L., Allen, H.L., Wright, B.J., Baicker, K. and Finkelstein, A.N., 2014. Medicaid increases emergency-department use: evidence from Oregon's Health Insurance Experiment. Science, 343(6168), pp.263-268. Thompson, F. J. 2012. Medicaid politics: Federalism, policy durability, and health reform. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. United States. 2008. Transformation of the Medicaid program: Hearings before the Subcommittee on Health and Environment of the Committee on Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, first session. Washington: U.S. G.P.O.

Repentance in Islam free essay sample

The second is an act of the body, to bring up some good deeds, starting two cycles of prayer of repentance. First: Make du3aa for yourself to make your heart purified from all sins you have committed. Because everyone commits sins and nobody can deny that. Make your intention not to do that sin again. Second: Offer two rak’ats of prayer. Performs them in full presence of mind and heart. Commit no mistake within the prayers. Does not speak to himself within them. Recite the prayer-words in them well and in humility. Then seeks Allah’s forgiveness. Results: -Your past sins are forgiven. -You are assured Paradise. Abu Sai’d Alkhudri reported: Prophet of Allah said: There was a man from among a nation before you who killed 99 people. He wanted to repent and asked for the most knowledgeable person. He goes to that person and says he killed 99 people; what can I do to repent. We will write a custom essay sample on Repentance in Islam or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The person said there is no way for you to repent. So the man kills him and makes it 100 people. He then asks again for the most knowledgeable person. The people lead him to a monk. The man says he has killed 100 people and what can I do to repent. The monk says go to such a land and join them in worship, this land is an evil place. So he heads toward the good town. He dies on his way. Two angels come down. The angel of mercy says that this person has come with a repenting heart to Allah. The angel of punishment said that this person never did a righteous deed in his life. Another angel comes down and the two angels say he will be the judge between them. He said measure the distance between the two lands. He will be considered belonging to the land he is nearer. They found his body closer to the good town. So the angel of mercy collects his soul. Narrated by Albukhari and Muslim

List of 8th Grade Math Concepts

List of 8th Grade Math Concepts At the eighth grade level, there are certain math concepts that your students should  attain by the end of the school year. A lot of the math concepts from eighth grade are similar to seventh grade. At the middle school level, it is usual for students to have a comprehensive review of all math skills.  Mastery of the concepts from the previous grade levels  is  expected.   Numbers No real new numbers concepts are introduced, but students should be comfortable calculating factors, multiples, integer amounts, and square roots for numbers. At the end of eighth grade, a student should be able to apply these number concepts in problem-solving. Measurements Your students should be able to use measurement terms appropriately and should be able to measure a variety of items at home and at school. Students should be able to solve more complex problems with measurement estimations and problems using a variety of formulas. At this point, your students should be able to estimate and calculate areas for trapezoids, parallelograms, triangles, prisms, and circles using the correct formulas. Similarly, students should be able to estimate and calculate volumes for prisms  and should be able to sketch prisms based on volumes given. Geometry Students should be able to hypothesize, sketch, identify, sort, classify, construct, measure, and apply a variety of geometric shapes and figures and problems. Given dimensions, your students should be able to sketch and construct a variety of shapes. You students should be able to create and solve a variety of geometric problems. And, students should be able to analyze and identify shapes that have been rotated, reflected, translated, and describe those that are congruent. In addition, your students should be able to determine if shapes or figures will tile a plane (tessellate), and should be able to analyze tiling patterns. Algebra and Patterning In eighth grade, students will analyze and justify the explanations for patterns and their rules at a more complex level. Your students should be able to write algebraic equations and write statements to understand simple formulas. Students should be able to evaluate a variety of simple linear algebraic expressions at a beginning level by using one variable. Your students should confidently solve and simplify algebraic equations with four operations. And, they should feel comfortable substituting natural numbers for variables when solving algebraic equations. Probability Probability measures the likelihood that an event will occur. It used it in everyday decision making in science, medicine,  business, economics, sports,  and engineering. Your students should be able to design surveys, collect and organize more complex data, and identify and explain patterns and trends in data. Students should be able to construct a variety of graphs and label them appropriately and state the difference between selecting one graph over another. Students should be able to describe collected data in terms of mean, median,  and  the mode and be able to analyze any bias. The goal is for students to make more accurate predictions and understand the importance of statistics on decision making and in real-life scenarios. Students should be able to make inferences, predictions,  and evaluations based on interpretations of data collection results. Likewise, your students should be able to apply the rules of probability to games of chance and sports. Other Grade Levels Pre-K Kdg. Gr. 1 Gr. 2 Gr. 3 Gr. 4 Gr. 5 Gr. 6 Gr. 7 Gr. 8 Gr. 9 Gr. 10 Gr.11 Gr. 12

Biography of Sociologist Charles Horton Cooley

Biography of Sociologist Charles Horton Cooley Charles Horton Cooley was born August 17, 1864,  in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He graduated from the University of Michigan in 1887 and returned one year later to study political economics and sociology. Cooley began teaching economics and sociology at the University of Michigan in 1892 and went on to receive his Ph.D. in 1894. He married Elsie Jones in 1890 with whom he had three children. The doctor preferred an empirical, observational approach to his research. While he appreciated the use of statistics, he preferred case studies, often using his own children as the subjects on his observation.  He died of cancer on May 7, 1929. Career and Later Life Cooleys first major work, The Theory of Transportation, was in economic theory. This book was notable for its conclusion that towns and cities tend to be located at the confluence of transportation routes. Cooley soon shifted to broader analyses of the interplay of individual and social processes. In Human Nature and the Social Order, he foreshadowed George Herbert Meads discussion of the symbolic ground of the self by detailing the way in which social responses affect the emergence of normal social participation. Cooley greatly extended this conception of the looking-glass self in his next book, Social Organization: A Study of the Larger Mind, in which he sketched a comprehensive approach to society and its major processes. In Cooley’s theory of the â€Å"looking glass self,† he states that our self-concepts and identities are a reflection of how other people perceive us. Whether our beliefs about how others perceive us are true or not, it is those beliefs that truly shape our ideas about ourselves. Our internalization of the reactions of others towards us is more important than reality. Further, this self-idea has three principal elements: our imagination of how others see our appearance; our imagination of the other’s judgment of our appearance; and some sort of self-feeling, such as pride or mortification, determined by our imagination of the other’s judgment of us. Other Major Publications Life and the Student (1927)Social Process (1918)Sociological Theory and Social Research (1930) References Major Theorist of Symbolic Interactionism: Charles Horton Cooley. (2011). http://sobek.colorado.edu/SOC/SI/si-cooley-bio.htm Johnson, A. (1995). The Blackwell Dictionary of Sociology. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers.

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 8

Personal Statement Example It was this act of witnessing people around me falling into financial troubles leading to depravation of their happiness that I knew I should head towards a direction that would bring smiles back on their faces and improve the entire trade by ensuring fair and realistic mechanisms are in place. I followed my dream and landed in Durham University where I am currently in my third year of study, pursuing a BSc course in Accounting and Finance, and the experience has been eye opening. I have already learned to adapt to new situations since the setting was very different from my familiar Chinese background and I have learned to appreciate and value the differences in all cultures. The current situation is very promising and I can envision my self achieving what my young ambitious self was aiming to achieve since I have aligned all available choices to finance-preferred, both academically and practically. Experience is undoubtedly the best teacher that is why I ensure that each and every holiday since the summer of 2012 I have found my way back home to partake in my internships at my father’s financial company located in Shenzhen, Mainland China. I have worked in both the trading and investment advisory departments where I have always had the privilege to meet senior executives of the leading and most competitive institutions in China. This interaction has broadened my mind in terms of ideologies as we share our thoughts and views increasing my knowledge and logical thinking capabilities to avoid trouble before it brews and to seek financial facts in each situation. Generally, I have attained valuable field experiences such as valid trading techniques including how to perceive the variation of specific markets or stocks. I have so far grasped the full knowledge of trading large amounts of property without affecting share prices

Teaching Profession Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Teaching Profession - Essay Example Teachers are expected to nurture attributes, skills and capacities in the young people that will enable them succeed and prosper in the knowledge society. The profession is bloated with many responsibilities stemming from imparting knowledge to students to modifying their personalities. Thus, the profession requires effective socialization, providing the necessary foundations for a responsible citizen, and providing emotional support. The first impression of teaching is formed in the student life when a teacher conducts their role responsibly. This creates a notion that teaching is a noble profession that caters for the academic, emotional or spiritual needs of the learners. Effective and efficient childhood interaction between teachers and young learners creates a positive image of teaching as an industrious job. Students do not come into contact with the practical details and challenges associated with teaching; thus, the worth of teaching in a classroom context should not be weigh ed upon professional hassles and practical work. The current first time teachers fail to realize that professional knowledge is no longer viewed as a constituent of explicit and fixed knowledge base. Sharpe (2004) posits that knowledge exists in use, and any advancements or modification is caused by experience. Therefore, when teachers use their knowledge, the mode of its delivery changes the impact of its use among students. Discussion The reality between the impression of teaching and reality can be explained by the nature of having unfavorable returns or when the experience conforms to the initial impression. The transformation from student life to teacher status may lead into a different feeling that may make a first time teacher uncomfortable. This can be viewed as a negative stroke considering the earlier positive impression and willingness to indulge in the profession. Most students view the teaching profession as an uncomplicated and easy knowledge delivery task full of exci tement and fun. However, this notion is blown away once they become teachers and encounter the responsibilities required of them such as effectiveness, high-end communication skills, hard work, creativity and determination. Dalmau and Gudjonsdottir (2002) affirm this when they state the roles and obligations associated with teaching. They include acting as pedagogues and experts in teaching, reflective and critical problem solvers, knowledge creators and theory builders as well as acting as research and change agents. Those who are not prepared for such commitments get disappointed once they get involved in the profession. Superiority and aggression was normally viewed as the effective measures necessary to instill discipline in students. This notion made most aspiring and first time teachers view this as a privilege associated with the profession. However, the current education systems do not support dictatorial authority but prefer popularly-based authority. The school atmosphere is characterized by negotiation and persuasion rather than confrontation. Most school rules are made by the community as a whole; hence, they are student friendly with the teacher’s input being reduced to that of nurturing and persuading. This requires commitment and dedication of a decided mind. Proponents of democratic school system argue that a school which follows fairly the democratically enacted laws is the one in which community discipline prevails and supports the development of the concept of law and order (Sharpe, 2004). Most learners may regard teaching with a high esteem. Such notion makes them expect recognition and uplifting of their status in the community once they adopt the

The Pythagorean Theorem Essay Example for Free

The Pythagorean Theorem Essay In the world of mathematics, the Pythagorean Theorem is one of the most popular theorems and is widely applied in many problems and applications because of its basic and simple concept. It is a relation in Euclidean geometry relating the three sides of a right triangle. The theorem is named after the Greek mathematician and philosopher, Pythagoras, who lived in the 6th century B.  C.   It is one of the earliest theorems known since the ancient civilizations. The Pythagorean Theorem states that: â€Å"In any right angle triangle, the area of the square   of   the side opposite the right angle i. e. whose side is the hypotenuse   is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares of the two sides that meet at a right angle i.e. whose sides are the two legs.† In other words, â€Å"The square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides.† Consider a right triangle ∆ABC with right angle at A. BAC = 90 degrees Then, the square drawn on BC opposite the right angle is equal to the two squares together on BA and AC. Thus,   the sides of a right triangle are related by the squares drawn on them. The Pythagorean Theorem is a statement about triangles containing a right angle. It states that: The area of the square built upon the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares upon the remaining sides.          Illustratation by numbers Let the sides of the right angle triangle be 3, 4, and 5.    Then the square drawn on the side opposite the right angle is 25, which is equal to the squares on the sides that make the right angle:   9 + 16. The side opposite the right angle is called the hypotenuse.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus the theorem can be expressed as the equation: 32 + 42  Ã‚   = 52. This proves the earlier statement which is â€Å"The square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides.†    Proofs    This is a theorem that may have more known proofs than any other. Consider a right triangle with sides a, b, and c as hypotenuse.                         Let a, b, and c arrange four of those triangles to form a square whose side is a  +  b as shown above in Fig.  1. Now, the area of that square is equal to the sum of the four triangles, plus the interior square whose side is c. Two of those triangles taken together, however, are equal to a rectangle whose sides are a, b.   The area of such a rectangle is a times b:   ab.   Therefore the four triangles together are equal to two such rectangles.   Their area is 2ab. As for the square whose side is c, its area is simply c ².   Therefore, the area of the entire square is c ² + 2ab   .   .   .   .   .   .  (1) At the same time, an equal square with side a + b (Fig. 2) is made up of a square whose side is a, a square whose side is b, and two rectangles whose sides are a, b.   Therefore the area of that square is a ² + b ² + 2ab But this is equal to the square formed by the triangles, line  (1): a ² + b ² + 2ab = c ² + 2ab. Therefore, on subtracting the two rectangles 2ab from each square, we are left with a ² + b ² = c ². This is the Pythagorean Theorem Works Cited Bell, John L. The Art of the Intelligible: An Elementary Survey of Mathematics in its Conceptual Development. USA: Kluwer, 1999. Dunham, W. Euclids Proof of the Pythagorean Theorem. Journey through Genius: The Great Theorems of Mathematics. New York: Wiley, 1990. Maor, Eli. The Pythagorean Theorem: A 4,000-Year History. Princeton. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2007. Morris, Stephanie J. â€Å"The Pythagorean Theorem.† 2008. The University of Georgia Department of Mathematics Education.   1 May 2008 http://jwilson.coe.uga.edu/emt669/Student.Folders/Morris.Stephanie/EMT.669/Essay.1/Pythagorean.html. Spector, Lawrence. â€Å"The Pythagorean Thoerem.† The Math Page. 2008. 30 April 2008 http:// www.themathpage.com/aTrig/pythagorean-theorem.htm. Weisstein, Eric W. â€Å"Pythagorean Theorem.† MathWorld. 1 May 2008. Wolfram Web Resource. 3 May 2008 http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Pythagorean Theorem.html.

How Our Universe Was Created :: essays papers

How Our Universe Was Created Creation Stories, myths that explain the origin of the universe, or cosmos. The origin of the cosmos forms one of the principal themes of mythology throughout the world. (Rev. Bruce Vawter). Cosmogony has attempted to explain everything from the Greek deities Uranus (sky god) and Gaea (earth goddess), to say the creation of humankind, after which the mythic cosmos comes to resemble the world of human experience. In mythic history, the earliest era of the world is usually the closest to perfection-a Golden Age or Garden of Eden. There are thirty-five religions that I have heard of and countless others that have not been documented. I have always wondered why we Latinos, African, Asians, Italians, Indians, and the rest of the cultures on this earth practice different religions and ideas. The answer is billions of years ago, in a galaxy far away, an intergalactic council was formed. The council members consisted of dozens of what we call Gods. Each was a ruler of a planet. And on each of these planets there were people who worshiped their Creator (God). The climate of each world was different from the other. Each planet could only sustain life for its people. The inhabitant’s needed a particular climate so that they could survive. Even there agriculture was dependant on the climate as well. One day the supreme deity who created each of the Gods, decided to allow each of the member’s to unite it’s people with the other. They wondered how they would be this since all of the planets differed in climate and no one could survive on the others planet. So it was decided that they would all create what today is know as the Milky Way. With careful planning the RNA/DNA was joined to create a human that would be able to withstand various climates and be able to eventually procreate. Fifteen billion years ago, give or take five billion years, the entirety of our universe was compressed into the confines of an atomic nucleus. Known as a singularity, this is the moment before creation when space and time did not exist. According to the prevailing cosmological models that explain our universe, an ineffable explosion, trillions

A Decision of Uncertainty Paper Essay

Just recently, this past spring my cell phone contract recently expired after a continuous extension of over lapping contracts for over ten years. I have decided to finally upgrade my cell phone. The saturated cellular device industry can meet various consumer needs just depending on how sophisticated of a device is needed. The new and advanced iPhone 5 is a huge investment for a cellular phone. The retail price for iPhone 5 ranges from an additional $199 with a two year contract and $500 compared to the contract price AT&T offers. If a consumer signs a two-year contract plan to purchase the phone at a reduced price and incentive. See more: Ethnic groups and racism essay Due to financial restrictions and the holidays, I decided to purchase the phone and my contract price for the phone during the 2012 Christmas holidays. â€Å"Through my research and compliance with my constraints, the most opportune time to† (UOP, 2010, Week Three Supplement) upgrade my phone is reasonable during the holidays. Most cell phone companies such as AT&T and Sprint offer huge savings when multiple agreements are made. An iPhone investment could be costly because the standard warranty does not cover accidental damage. The accidental damage insurance, for an additional 48% one-time fee off the contract price, provides consumers with a peace of mind by providing two year coverage for hardware repair, drops, fumbles, slips, and water damage. Purchasing a high costly device means comes with the decisions on whether to purchase the contract price iPhone and not worry about accidental insurance; thus risk purchasing a replacement phone at retail cost or purchase the contract price iPhone and pay an extra 48% insurance fee, which adds to my spending and reallocate my budget for this phone. To decrease my decision of uncertainty; I have complied research on the new iPhone 5. My researched data set was from Business Wire and it provided a survey of 10,000 iPhones including their warranty claims. More important, my researched specified the hardware and accidental warranty claims. The claims all occurred within two years of purchase. Considering a voice plan and data plan would cost at least $1440 over the term of the contract. Another viable option is setting up an agreement with Cricket, which is better known as a pay as you go company. Cricket does offer an unlimited plan that could cost a consumer more than $5,500 over a two year agreement. Based on research from T3 the Gadget Website, the iPhone 5 is 20% daintier than the iPhone 4s, 16% less bulky than the Samsung Galaxy S3 and 14% lighter that the HTC One X. The iPhone 5 reviews have shown that it has a bigger screen, 4G capability and a better front facing cameras. However, the review also shows that the battery life is still not great, there are no iP5-specifice iOS 6 features and the old maps design is highly preferred. Now, it’s time to review the ten best features of the new Apple iPhone. * iPhone 5 will have a 4-inch screen * The new iPhone will be available in only black and white * iPhone 5 comes with Apples new â€Å"A6† processor, which runs twice as fast as the previous generation. * The phone has more than 200 new features in iOS 6 * You can update your Facebook status using SIRI * 8 MP camera, 3264Ãâ€"2448 resolution, five lens element lens, f2.4 aperture, 25% smaller * 8hrs LTE browsing, 10hrs Wi-Fi browsing, 40 hours music, 10hrs video, 225hrs standby * 802.11n 2.4Gz & 5GHz up tp 150Mbps, 802.11 a/b/g/n * The phone will have Now: DC-HSPDA, HDPA+ and LTE * Apples Retina Display 326 pixels per inch (ppi) The iPhone 5 is now available and many consumers will enjoy the new device but it has also started the clock on the next new iPhone. In a year from now, Apple will release a new and improved model of the iPhone. It may possibly be the iPhone 5s or the newly enhanced iPhone 6. My uncertainty still remains to upgrade gracefully to the iPhone 5 or sit tight and wait for the new and improved iPhone. References Future Publishing Limited. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2012, from T3 The Gadget WEBSITE: www.t3.com ZEE NEWS LIMITED. (n.d.). ZEEBIZ.COM. Retrieved NOVEMBER 14, 2012, from WWW.ZEENEWS.INDIA.COM

Confederacy Theory

These analysts fear that China's improving military capableness risk undermining current security Hyannis predicated upon realism's hegemonic stably theory. Hegemonic stably argues that because the united States possesses overwhelming economic and malpractice might, the international order has remained relatively stable (Snyder 2009, 6-7). Liberalism and interstate cooperation has flourished because security has been guaranteed by the united States, who acts as an arbiter in local or regional disputes.Of late, however, US hegemony is waning. After two failed wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and a global economic recession, the relative power losses of the united States coupled with the economic and militaristic rise of China has realist analysts predicting deepening security dilemmas between China and her neighbors and China and the US (Christensen 1999, 49-51; Braver 2007/8, 44 Newer 2009, 206-207).The ‘security dilemma' narrative contends that declining US power and influence in East Asia will precipitate increased nationalism, instability, and conflict, and the emergence of a new great power capable of challenging the US will accelerate the decline of the us-backed liberal order (Snyder 1999, 10-12). Accordingly, a security dilemma follows logically with the decline of a hegemony. However, as China continues its ascent and the US seems poised to decline, the stability of the international order has remained relatively in tact.In fact, rather than undermining or challenging the liberal international order, China seems eager to participate in the existing structure (Liana 2007, 5-20). China is not adhering to Sun Tutu's maxim that a rising power will increasingly flex its military muscle. Instead, â€Å"China's behavior challenges existing arguments†¦ On power transitions, which assert that a rising state is likely to use force† (Braver 2007, 47). Accordingly, the predominate Yosemite theories of realism and neo-liberals are falling to adequately account for China's peaceful and nonviolent behavior given Its gains In relative power (Newer 2009, 207).If a different theory can more accurately explain China's peaceful rise despite relative power gains, than perhaps the very notion of a security dilemma can be effectively overcome. This essay will challenge hegemonic stably and Introduce the nascent concept of confederacy theory and Its gulden principle of a ‘prosperity-interest'. This essay will then demonstrate that prosperity-interests are effectively maligning the traditional resent of a security dilemma in Taiwan and in China by elevating prosperity and a security dilemma are a self-fulfilling prophecy – if you expect security concerns to be paramount, they will be.However, while this narrative predicts increased tensions, the reality presents a far different picture. Security dilemmas are being normalized by an expanding commercialism that priorities growth and prosperity over conflict. Confederacy Theory Con federacy theory was presented by Squids Snyder who reflected that the actions of states in the current global order do not properly fit into extant systemic theories. Snyder argues that the liberal international order constructed post WI is no longer being singularly supported by US hegemony.Instead, the international order is currently buttressed by what Snyder calls ‘a confederate structure composed of a cluster of liberal states engaged in vigorous commercial rivalry (Snyder 2009, 15). The role of the United States has shifted from being the system's underwriter to simply being its largest participant. At the center of the current international order are nations interacting and integrating commercially at unprecedented levels while simultaneously competing against one another to make gains in relative prosperity.The nucleus of this order is not composed of the United States, nor will it be controlled singularly by China or any rising state. Instead, power resides in a cohes ive commercial league of nations centered around the strongest Western powers plus Japan. â€Å"This league is a major power configuration that has altered competitive dynamics such that commercial integration†¦ Not military opposition and revision, has become the dominant competitive strategy' (Snyder 2009, 34).The Cold War marked an era wherein acquiring guns at any cost meant acquiring security and power – hence why the Cold War is the apotheosis of realism. Today, however, the obvious reality that money buys guns is trumping the strategic imperative of having guns. In the current global order, wealth is power, and in order to maximize wealth, countries are seeking â€Å"the desired benefits derived from membership and inclusion in the commercial order† (Snyder 2009, 19). The sheer magnitude of commercialism dictates that in order to compete nations must Join in so as not to be left behind.A country's strength â€Å"to a large degree hinges on [its] ability t o integrate itself into he dominant liberal commercial order,† (Snyder 2009, 16). In order to prosper and be competitive, nations must appeal to foreign direct investment (FED), attract the brightest minds from around the world, invest in human capital, invest in foreign companies, attract overseas firms, reciprocally trade in raw materials, acquire cheap energy, etc. (Myers 2010, 2-7). For a state to enhance its power and security, it must enhance its access to economic and commercial resources.Failure to engage with this league of nations means a failure to economically grow; and a failure to grow dads to instability, both domestically and militarily. Accordingly, the guiding principle to security and power isn't simply owning a gun, it's possessing the wealth and prosperity to buy a gun any time you need. Prosperity & The Security Dilemma – What does this mean for Security Dynamics? Despite underlying shifts in the distribution of power between nations, â€Å"the ba sic represents the nucleus of a new order predicated upon prosperity, not military power.In this system, â€Å"the most powerful driver of competitive behavior relates not to survival, but prosperity and commerce† (Snyder 2009, 16). To this point, confederacy theory seems in line with neo-liberalism. However, while integration can exist along a wide spectrum of interests, the principle phenomenon in confederacy theory focuses on the magnitude of commerce rather than on inter- governmental relations and the concept of institutional peace. Commercialism inherently requires a heavy degree of institutionalizing, but the important factor is that each state retains its sovereignty.A security dilemma is avoidable not because the institutions themselves mitigate conflict, but because commerce becomes the entrap arena wherein â€Å"the balance has shifted from guns to butter† (Snyder 2009, While liberals optimistically await the end of competitive inclinations, confederacy theo ry argues that competitive dynamics persist, but only in reaction to economic pressures rather than traditional military capabilities. â€Å"Every state still prefers to make gains relative to rivals† in order to maintain a prosperity gap (Snyder 2009, 24).Accordingly, security interests are not abandoned for absolute gains; only, â€Å"prosperity interests have eclipsed security concerns while competition has shifted to immemorial rivalry' (Snyder 2009, 34). Because competition and relative gains remain despite collaboration and overwhelming interaction, the security dilemma isn't simply removed from the equation. Instead, what confederacy theory argues is a normalization of traditional security concerns because a state's viable strategic options are fundamentally limited.If participating in commercialism provides the means to economically prosper, then it logically follows that states will conform to systemic requirements in order to be included. While institutions like th e World Trade Organization exist to ensure fair trade raciest, what is more fascinating are how nations are conforming their behavior to unwritten rules or best practices in order to increase national competitiveness economically. In order to attract capital and investment, nations must demonstrate political stability and economic liberalism.For instance, nations must have a consistent and enforceable legal system; they must protect intellectual property, promote innovation, and enforce banking and finance norms. In short, â€Å"capital follows opportunity†¦ [and] seeks out political stability' (Snyder 2009, 20). Military posturing r even the threat of instability inherently limits national competitiveness in attracting capital and growth. China's GAP the year before the Attainment square incident grew 1 1. 9%; in the two years following Attainment, GAP grew merely 4. 1% and 3. 8% respectively (Workloads).Security dilemmas will still exist, but countries literally can not affo rd to act upon fears at the risk of substantially limiting their ability to continue to prosper relative to other nations. â€Å"Even those who might arguably have Justifiable reason to fear one another?as the US might be wary of China's rise?none can actually afford to act on Hess fears in the ways Unrealism expects† (Snyder 2009, 19). Concerning the security dilemmas that may arise from China's military modernization, none is more precarious than the China-Taiwan relationship.China has continued to emphasize its ‘One-China' policy as a top priority, and to demonstrate their resolve, China has hundreds of missiles pointed at Taipei to ensure compliance to the 2005 ‘anti-cessation' law threatening force if Taiwan proceeds with formal independence (Rigger 2006, 1). Realist analysts view the region as a powder keg waiting to erupt. To highlight the depth of concern, realists note that even characteristics of the traditional security dilemma are heightened as defensi ve weaponry, which is usually not considered a move towards escalation, is seen as overtly threatening (Christensen 2009, 51).Despite these ominous trends, Taiwan is actually moving closer to China rather than distancing itself (Rigger 2006, 2-4). Though Taiwan is experiencing increased nationalism, which should fuel resentment and conflict, traditional realist concerns over military balancing are not their immediate concern. There is an emerging paradox in Taiwan wherein as the number of people identifying themselves as Taiwanese increases, there is a simultaneous decreasing desire for formal independence.Shelley Rigger investigated this phenomenon and concluded that a generational gap exists in Taiwan wherein the younger population (18-35), though increasingly identifying themselves as Taiwanese, looks upon China with pragmatism and rationality rather than traditional aggression. Rigger does note that, â€Å"there is powerful logic†¦ That as Taiwanese lose their emotional at tachment to Chinese identity, they will be less interested in interacting† with China. Such a powerful logic', however, is rooted in an obsolete model of systemic theory.Instead, Rigger notes that the emotional component that normally triggers resentment and distrust in these instances is being replaced with increased pragmatism. In a survey Rigger conducted of 18-35 year old Taiwanese residents, 73% of respondents said they would encourage increasing cross-strait economic engagement (Rigger 2006, 29) as a means to improving Titan's economy. Additionally, a majority of respondents said they'd be willing to work or study in mainland China.In a subsequent survey asking what is their most pressing concern, majority of 19-30 year old Taiwanese residents cited ‘personal economic concerns' as the number one issue; only 7% of respondents cited political tensions with China. Rigger concluded that for the younger generation of Taiwanese issues of unification and independence â₠¬Å"are of little concern to them†¦ They are far more interested in pragmatic issues involving economics, employment, and education† (Rigger 2006, 27). Accordingly, the trend of ‘Atomization' that realists fear has instead produced immense optimism about the future of China-Taiwan relations (Rigger 2006, 4).As the elder generation of Taiwan residents slowly cedes power to a younger and less historically minded generation of politicians, businessmen, and military officers, there is a greater likelihood that hostilities will be minimized by a rationality and pragmatism that recognizes cooperation and commercialism as the means to economic prosperity. China & The Security Dilemma been the principal drivers of China's very high level of international economic integration. In turn, the pragmatic imperative to continue rapid economic growth†¦ As gradually led China to participate more actively and cooperatively' (Lang 007, 147). This ‘pragmatic imperative' expla ins why, in the military realm, â€Å"China has been less belligerent than leading theories of IR might have predicted† (Braver, 2007/8, 45). Taylor Braver examined all instances, since 1949, in which China used force during territorial disputes. He concluded that China rarely exploits its military superiority and has instead opted to offer concessions rather than leverage or utilize military force (Braver 2007/8, 45).In the instances where force was used, China had suffered a ‘negative shift in bargaining power', meaning China's relative power was lessened by he the military modernization of a rival (Braver 2007/8, 47). Framer's conclusions directly challenge realist claims. China has only used forced when its relative power has declined and not when its power has increased! This study reinforces the notion that though security dilemmas may still exist, China will not be the instigator of tensions.The United States or Taiwan may view China's actions as heightening or e levating security concerns, but in reality, China acts simply to maintain a security balance rather than to increase their own first-strike capability. While examining the role of the PLAN in crafting China's policy toward Taiwan, Ellis Coffee notes that while the PLAN is largely responsible for coercing and deterring Taiwan from independence, the Plan's aggressive statements and military exercises are mostly for show rather than a precursor to action Coffee 1997, 64-68).Coffee points out that there is â€Å"no concrete evidence that PLAN leaders have pushed for military action against Taiwan,† and that â€Å"logic does not point to this conclusion† Foe 1997, 68). The Plan's military posturing may benefit its budget and influence, but â€Å"any military action aeries the danger of escalation†¦ Its costs are likely to be enormous. † Accordingly, the PLAN flirts with threatening statements, but it is not courting the idea of actual military aggression. The ce ntral problem in trying to understand The Party security thinking lies in an inability to see how the PLAN would be able to harness even its most impressive new capabilities to prevail – at an acceptable cost – in a conflict† (Newer 2009, 206). The higher the costs for a host nation in initiating conflict, the less likely offensive action will be pursued (Braver 2007/8, 78); as a result, without including imperialism and its role in providing growth and prosperity, the existing realist equation used to predict conflict is utterly inadequate.Both statements and military modernization efforts are being interpreted using traditional realism (Newer 2009, 206-207); however, the reality screams of a different truth. Today, the economic costs of aggression are mitigating security concerns – China learned this truth briefly after Attainment Square, and they have been wary of aggression ever since. China – Prosperity as a Strategic Imperative The secret to C hina's meteoric rise, according to William Overshot, has been emulating global best practices in economic development (Overshot 2012, 134).China's economy has grown 14 fold over the past 30 years sustaining a roughly 10% annual growth in GAP. Such immense prosperity is directly attributable to a strategy China is both the most pure form of prosperity-interest, and the first to openly acknowledge that the military prerogative takes a backseat to domestic prosperity. One of the most pressing domestic security and economic concerns for the ICP is â€Å"sustaining adequate Job growth for tens of millions of migrants, new entrants to the ark force, and workers laid off from state-owned enterprises not worth saving† (Myers 2010, 4).Accordingly, China launched, in 2000, a ‘Go Global' strategy which sought to encourage Chinese firms to invest overseas, and to attract overseas investments into the mainland. The Go Global strategy makes China better able to â€Å"seek more profi table ways of investing its massive accumulation of foreign exchange reserves, [to] gain access to foreign technology and management skills to help domestic firms become more efficient and internationally competitive, and most importantly, [to] acquire energy and raw materials† (Myers 2010, 4-5).By the close of 2004, over 80% of the world's top 500 companies have invested in China (Snyder 2009, 23). In 1975 China's net trade revenues were $15 billion; by the close of 2006, trade totals eclipsed $1. 5 trillion (Snyder, 2009, 23) – an increase of roughly FED 1983 totaled a mere $636 million; in 2008, FED totaled $92 billion (Myers 2010, 4). Additionally, the Chinese government estimates that there are currently 286,200 foreign companies currently operating in China employing more than 42 million Chinese citizens (Myers 2010, 4).These figures illustrate that China's rise has been dependent on attracting foreign capital and external resources. Newer argues that more than si mply an economic need, China's mass importation of materials and energy is part of a systematic strategy to force resource rich neighboring nations to rely on China for their own prosperity (Newer 2009, 208-209). This reliance, argues Newer, forms a dependency in which China guarantees regional stability and nonviolence by ensuring that no neighboring nation would attack China because that nation's economy is utterly dependent upon China's import and consumer power (Newer 009, 208).What Newer fails to appreciate or note, however, is that China has come to equally depend on these neighboring nations much in the same way. Dependency theory is often presented negatively in IR (often used to explain how the strong ‘North' exploits and suppresses the weak ‘South'), but it is not necessarily a bad thing. Dependency implies an overlap of shared interest. China has negotiated a $41 billion with Australia for its liquefied natural gas; and they have agreed too $5. 6 billion deal with Manner, a Chinese border-nation, to export energy from Manner's leading energy consortium (Myers 2010, 5).The fundamental shift in power transition theory demands why, in today's world, would any country stab a trading partner in the back after formalizing massively beneficial commercial exchanges? Conclusion Somali pirates have resurged lately disrupting the flow of oil from the Middle East. Because great power prosperity is heavily reliant on this flow of oil, the Gulf is now being protected by Chinese, European, and American warships all coexisting in this small waterway to protect material resources that quite literally fuel each nation's economic growth.Traditional realism should predict conflict in the gulf considering oil is currently one of the most coveted natural resources. However, rather than nation is happy to avoid conflict so long as oil flows unobstructed. Commercialism if effectively minimizing traditional security concerns. What will ultimately determine China 's rise is not a security dilemma, but whether its domestic reforms can keep pace with economic realities that dictate national growth or stagnation. China has become aware of such a reality and has opted to pursue prosperity.

How to Sing Silent Night in Spanish

How to Sing Silent Night in Spanish Here are most commonly used Spanish lyrics for Silent Night, one of the worlds most popular Christmas carols. Dive into the grammar and vocabulary of the song in the sections following. This song was originally written in German by Joseph Mohr. Noche de paz Noche de paz, noche de amor,Todo duerme en derredor.Entre sus astros que esparcen su luzBella anunciando al nià ±ito Jesà ºs.Brilla la estrella de paz,Brilla la estrella de paz. Noche de paz, noche de amor,Todo duerme en derredor.Sà ³lo velan en la oscuridadLos pastores que en el campo estnY la estrella de Belà ©n,Y la estrella de Belà ©n. Noche de paz, noche de amor,Todo duerme en derredor.Sobre el santo nià ±o Jesà ºsUna estrella esparce su luz,Brilla sobre el Rey,Brilla sobre el Rey. Noche de paz, noche de amor,Todo duerme en derredor;Fieles velando allà ­ en Belà ©nLos pastores, la madre tambià ©n,Y la estrella de paz,Y la estrella de paz. English Translation of Spanish Lyrics Night of peace, night of love.All sleep in the outskirts of the town.Among the stars that spread their beautiful lightannouncing the baby Jesus,the star of peace shines,the star of peace shines. Night of peace, night of love.All sleep in the outskirts of the town.The only ones keeping watch in the darknessare the shepherds in the field.and the star of Bethlehem,and the star of Bethlehem. Night of peace, night of love.All sleep in the outskirts of the town.Above the holy baby Jesusa star spreads its light.It shines over the King,it shines over the King. Night of peace, night of love.All sleep in the outskirts of the town.The faithful are keeping watch there in Bethlehem,the shepherds, the mother too,and the star of peace,and the star of peace. Grammar and Vocabulary Notes De: Note how the phrase noche de paz, literally meaning night of peace is used here, while in English we might say peaceful night. It is very common in Spanish to use de in situations where of would be cumbersome in English. Todo duerme: This phrase can be translated as all sleep or everyone sleeps. Note that todo is treated as a collective noun here, taking a singular verb, much like the singular word gente is treated as a singular word even though it has the plural meaning of people. Derredor: You wont find this word listed except in larger dictionaries. In this context, it refers to the outskirts of an area, or the area surrounding something else. Esparcen: The verb esparcir generally means to spread or to scatter. Bella: This is the feminine form of bello, meaning beautiful. It modifies luz, which is on the previous line. One clue that bella refers to luz is that both it and luz are feminine. Anunciando: This is the gerund or present participle of anunciar, meaning to announce. In the English translation, we probably see announcing taking the role of an adjective modifying light. But in standard Spanish, gerunds act like adverbs, so anunciando points back to the previous verb, esparcen. However, in poetry  it isnt unusual for gerunds to take an adjectival role, as velando does in the final stanza. Brilla: Brilla is a conjugated form of the verb brillar, which means to shine. The subject of that verb here is estrella (star). Although in this case the subject comes after the verb for mostly poetic reasons, it isnt unusual in Spanish to use a verb-subject word order. Velan: The verb velar isnt particularly common. Its meanings include staying awake and taking care of someone or something. Oscuridad: Oscuridad can refer to the quality of being obscure, but it more often refers simply to darkness. Pastores: A pastor in this context isnt a pastor, but a shepherd (although the word may also refer to a minister). In both English and Spanish, the word originally means shepherd, but its meaning was broadened to include people who were appointed to watch over a flock of believers. Pastor comes from an ancient Indo-European root meaning to protect or to feed. Related English words include pasture, pester and even food and foster. Santo: Santo is frequently used as a title before the name of a person to mean saint. Through the process of apocopation or shortening, it becomes san before the name of male. In this context, since the baby Jesus wouldnt have been considered a saint, santo is better translated as holy or virtuous. Fieles: Fiel is an adjective meaning faithful. Here, fieles functions as a plural noun. In nonpoetic speech, the phrase los fieles would have been used. Belà ©n: This is the Spanish word for Bethlehem.

Southern California Institute of Architecture Admission

Southern California Institute of Architecture Admission Southern California Institute of Architecture Admissions Overview: In general, students with good grades and test scores are more likely to be accepted at SCI-Arc. Since the school is focused on architecture, students will need to submit a portfolio of work as part of the application. Additional required materials include a resume, personal statement, high school transcripts, letters of recommendation, and SAT or ACT scores. For more information, or if you have any questions about the admissions process, be sure to visit SCI-Arcs website, or get in touch with the schools admissions office. Admissions Data (2016): SCI-Arc Acceptance Rate: - %SCI-Arc has open admissionsTest Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: - / -SAT Math: - / -SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: - / -ACT English: - / -ACT Math: - / -ACT Writing: - / -What these ACT numbers mean Southern California Institute of Architecture Description: The Southern California Institute of Architecture is an independent school of architecture in Los Angeles, California. The campus is located in the rehabilitated historic site of the Santa Fe Freight Depot, at the heart of the urban art district in downtown Los Angeles. The college takes an experimental approach to architecture education, emphasizing practical experience and encouraging undergraduate and graduate students to work together in a non-hierarchical environment. SCI-Arc offers one undergraduate program, a bachelor’s degree in architecture, as well as two- and three-year master of architecture programs and two postgraduate master of design research programs in emerging systems and technologies and city design, planning and policy. Students benefit from the flexible, nontraditional program both inside and outside of class, with 24/7 access to architecture studio spaces, a unique cultural environment and various student-led clubs, activities and social events. Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 519Â  (262 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 62% Male / 38% Female95% Full-time Costs (2016Â  - 17): Tuition and Fees: $42,900Books: $6,848Â  (why so much?)Room and Board: $7,260Other Expenses: $9,889Total Cost: $66,897 SCI-Arc Financial Aid (2015Â  - 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 28%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 28%Loans: 13%Average Amount of AidGrants: $18,668Loans: $5,500 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:Â  Architecture. Graduation and Retention Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 81%4-Year Graduation Rate: 67%6-Year Graduation Rate: 83% Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like SCI-Arc, You May Also Like These Schools: Pratt Institute: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphCarnegie Mellon University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphRhode Island School of Design: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphCalifornia Institute of Technology: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphHarvard University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphRice University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphNew York University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphArizona State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Oregon: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphCornell University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUC - Berkeley: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSyracuse University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph

The Human Beings and the Evolutionary Process Essay

The Human Beings and the Evolutionary Process - Essay Example The names and contributions made by Lamarck and Darwin appear to be at the top of the list of the anthropologists-theorists rendering the most noteworthy services in the discipline of evolution and biological-cultural anthropology. Renowned nineteenth-century English biologist-naturalist Sir Charles Darwin (1809-82) presented his distinguished Theory of Evolution in his illustrious work On the Origin of Species (1859), where he articulated the unique idea that humans could have shared the same ancestry associated with the other species existing on the face of the earth. By this Darwin perhaps does not mean to challenge the Biblical mythology or ridiculing the religious beliefs in order to hurt the sentiments of the followers of Abrahamic faiths (i.e. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam). On the contrary, he just looks for elucidating the relationship between man’s physical and mental growth through adaptation according to the changes taking place within the natural, physical and social environment. In other words, Darwinian anthropology asserted a meaningful relationship between the workings of nature and the conscious actions of animal breeders (Marks 1999). Though aptly criticized by Darwin’s contemporary theologians and dogmatists, he was not the pioneer in respect of articulating the evolution theory. On the other hand, his predecessor Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) had already presented the similar notion that various species, including the human beings, observe significant transformations in their biological and social traits according to the physical and cultural phenomena existing around them. Not only this that the species adopt these changes according to the circumstances, but also they maintain the ability to transfer the same characteristics to their young ones through a hereditary process (Bowler 2003). Somehow, Darwin dedicated himself in respect of unearthing the realities regarding the changes species experience during the course o f time. These changes, according to the theorist, occur because of the biological needs and requirements of the species. Darwin claims to have followed the induction canon, according to Ayala (2009), prevalent among his contemporary British philosophers and economists, including J.S. Mill, Francis Bacon, and others. Hence, he concentrated upon multiple similar species and applied his hypothesis upon different species too in order to draw out conclusions paving the way towards his marvelous theory of evolution seeking one and the same ancestry for the species sharing similar physical traits. Darwin accumulated scientific evidence in support of his evolution theory by concentrating upon two points; first, whether or not evolution has taken place in the biological and social life of the individuals; and secondly whether the evolution has undergone various stages for adopting the present shape and form developed by the species. Consequently, the in-depth investigation made by this great science giant i.e. Darwin was not confined to mere speculation or the limited study confined to some specific species only. Rather, the study focused upon insects and mammals, vertebrates and invertebrates, fowls and fish, and animals and fish at large. Though the dogmatists opposed Darwinian perspective to a great extent.

CAPM Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

CAPM - Assignment Example Based on the rationale obtained in relation to these mentioned fields, the paper aims at concluding with regard to the relevance of CAPM for corporate managers (Fama & French, 2003). CAPM is valued high owing to its ability to guide investment projects through accurate calculation about the relationship between the risk and return. This relationship provides two major functions. First, it serves as a standard regarding the rate of return for assessing the potential investments and second, it helps generating a cultured guess, rather than a biased one, with regard to return on assets, which have not been traded in the market place. The common concept behind CAPM is that investors must be remunerated in two ways, i.e. time assessment of money as well as risk (Leonard, Loli, Kralj & Vlachos, 2012). The relationship of risk and return can be described with regard to the fact that low level of risk is connected with low potential returns and high risks are connected with high potential returns. In general terms, ‘risk’ is considered as negative concerning the fact that risks imply investments and their returns as conditional, wherein investors may or may not be able to generate their desired level of profit. It is thus that CAPM suggests, considering high risk of return, investors must be conscious about their possible risk tolerance at the time of selecting investment projects for their portfolio. Notably, according to the model, there are two types of risks those can be possible when selecting investment, such as systematic risks and unsystematic risks (Leonard, Loli, Kralj & Vlachos, 2012). CAPM helps to calculate the cost of equity of a private company by assessing the betas and thereafter, calculate the cost of debt by estimating risk of default as well as cost of debt after tax. In a private company, the originations of risks and

Professional communication memo assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Professional communication memo - Assignment Example The event shall be held on April 05, 2014 in Lobby A of the Westin Hotel, Ottawa. Meals shall be catered for by the Mexican Tourist Bureau, which means it shall be a cost friendly event, and a staff-only event. However, anyone wishing to attend the event must make a reservation with Juan Martez. Contacts can be done through email to martez@mexicantouristbureau.com. The deadline for reservations stands as March 20, to provide the organizers with ample time for proper arrangements. The event shall commence at 6.00 p.m. Cocktails shall be served first, followed by a four-course Mexican-style meal at 7.00 p.m. the presentation shall commence after dinner. Several benefits accrue to present members. These include asking any questions related to leisure products offered to Canadian clients. More to these, special prizes shall be won at the end of the evening, such as an all-inclusive week on the Mayan Riviera. Therefore, I urge all staff members to take advantage of this evening, as it is an excellent opportunity to all members of Come True Dream

Impact of Globalisation on Terrorism

Impact of Globalisation on Terrorism While globalisation has brought significant changes in social life, the 21st century is the main gate of violence that has led to transformations from limited effectiveness to widespread or globalised effectiveness in the globe whether it was politically, culturally, economically and so on. On the other hand, amongst cultures and states, terrorism has been significantly developed and expanded in the early 21st century due to the globalisation processes. Yet, terrorism has become one of the most controversial issues in the new era of the modern world. Although it may be complicated to describe and illustrate the relationship between globalisation and terrorism, the definition of globalisation with terrorism is widely open to different subjective interpretations. However, this essay will describe and illustrate the impacts of globalisation on terrorism in the modern era of the post globalised world. According to Baylis, Smith, and Owens, (2014), it has been outlined four different types of terrorist groups based on the source of motivation of each group. Namely, right-wing terrorists, left-wing terrorists, ethnonationalist or separatist terrorists, and religious terrorists. These types of terrorist groups are currently acting in the world and they have different aims and ways of acting. In addition, old terrorism is vary from modern terrorism. For example, the term terrorism was first used in the French Revolution describes the use of terror and violence by government against the revolutionaries in 1789 in France (Nassar, 2010). Furthermore, it was used to describe people who were acting individually against colonial states in the eighteenth century (Neumann, 2009). In other words, according to Giddens and W. Sutton, (2013, p.1044), Old-style terrorism is found where there are nations without states and where terrorists are prepared to use violence to achieve their ends. However , modern terrorism is often associated with technological advances which were brought by globalisation such as the strength of Al Qaedas network system. This terrorist organisation has become a global phenomenon due to its worldwide activities. Although the old and modern styles of terrorism have different goals, technological advances have increased the capabilities of modern terrorism due to globalisation. For instance, Al Qaeda has received a worldwide recognition after the attack on the world trade towers on 11 september 2001 (Baylis, Smith, and Owens, 2014). As a result of the events of 2001, United States of America has invaded Afghanistan in the name of the war on terrorism. Nevertheless, Some experts argue that the attacks of 2001 were politically designed by USA as a justification for resisting the dominance of Soviet Union in Afghanistan (Nassar, 2010). According to Nassar, (2010, p.18), he identified terrorism associated with the globalisation processes as a political lab el given to people who are perceived to be planning or carrying out acts of violence for political objectives. Naturally, the most significant change between old and new terrorism is political change associated with globalisation in order to achieve worldwide political goals. Moreover, political changes associated with globalisation have become more significant alongside technological advances for terrorist organisations in which they have utilised the advantages of globalisation for achieving their aims and influencing as much people as they can by their ideologies across their boundaries in different parts of the world. Efforts have been conducted explain the global phenomenon of modern terrorism in three different aspects namely culture, economics, and religion explanations as stated by Baylis, Smith, and Owens, (2014). Cultural explanations for terrorism indicate that terrorist groups seek to preserve their own culture and identity from western dominance such as western secular system. As a result, social changes associated with globalisation in the world have increased the process of cultural exchanges between nations. Hence, some cultures in underdeveloped countries are threatened of being exist by the western identity which provokes the terrorists motivation to turn to violent acts against those who seek for changes. On the other hand, economic aspects suggest that the motivation factor for terrorist groups to act violently is the lack of opportunities within their countries such as inequality in education systems. In other words, individuals who have ambitions and do not have the chances to im plement their ideas due to the imbalanced systems in their countries are eventually turn to violence against their own governments to fulfill and interpret their demands. Although the dominance of western capitalist economies in the world aim to privatise the industries in order to provide opportunities and make competitive businesses available for individuals, terrorist groups believe that capitalist economies are attempting to control the global market and monopolise the opportunities in underdeveloped countries (Baylis, Smith, and Owens, 2014). Eventually, terrorist groups have inspired different terrorist organisations across the globe by these ideologies in favour of their orders (Hobsawm, 2008). However, it can be confidently said that religion is seen as the most significant motivating factor for terrorist groups, used to influence the youth of Muslims by giving them promises of rewards in the afterlife (Baylis, Smith, and Owens, 2014). In addition, terrorist groups are seein g religion as a beneficial weapon, by interpreting the word Jihad as a holy war which creates new type of terrorists called jihadi terrorists (Nassar, 2010). Despite the word jihad according to Islamic teaching means the internal struggle for purity spiritually, radical terrorist groups have the opposite understanding of what the actual meaning says. Furthermore, social, cultural, technological and economic changes associated with globalisation have significantly created the world more interconnected. Based on these changes, the new global Jihad orders are obtaining political power, and implementing the Sharia law in the globe (Baylis, Smith, and Owens, 2014). Although the cultural, economic, and religious aspects give necessary explanations for global terrorism, individually, they are insufficient. However, it can be assumed that the most significant impacts of globalisation on terrorism are technological advances (Neumann, 2009). According to Baylis, Smith, and Owens, (2014), technological advances have enhanced the capability of global terrorist organisations in proselytising, coordination, security, mobility, and lethality. Proselytising and Mobility are often associated with global internet and the virtual world. For instance, terrorist groups have utilised virtual methods such as the internet to spread their ideologies by promoting propagandas for their sympathisers in order to make the motivation more effective, and creating their own worldwide websites which allows them to influence as many individuals as they can in the globe. Technological advances associated with globalisation have been utilised by terrorist groups for planning and conducting their operations independently. In other words, they utilised the technology to plan their activities tactically and strategically in undercover operations to ensure the success of their missions. For example, the 9/11 hijackers used specific prepaid cards for communication during their attack on the world trade towers (Baylis, Smith, and Owens, 2014). On the other hand, terrorist organisation are characterized by their developed security systems. By creating surveillance techniques, terrorist cells can identify each other by specific codes, therefore no one allowed to recognise them. Despite technological advances associated with globalisation have developed modern terrorism capability in the modern era of the post-modern world, the most dangerous factor is the advanced weapons. The rapid development in technologies associated with globalisation have increased the terrorist ambitions to obtain mass destruction weapons and hence it would allow fewer terrorist groups t o conduct catastrophic attacks in different part of the world. Combating terrorism may be the most difficult part for experts in finding adaptive ways to resist its expansion in the modern era and most importantly in the future. For instance, one of an adaptive way by United Nation to ensure security in airlines from hijacking terrorist attacks is the adopted convention by the establish of the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO). The main aim of the organisation is to ensure the safety in airlines between legal international cooperations (Baylis, Smith, and Owens, 2014). Furthermore, it has been suggested by some experts that in order to combat the global phenomenon of terrorism in the modern era and in the future, states should establish a global unification supported by worldwide governments (Guelke, 2009). On the other hand, Some experts disagree with the term (War on Terrorism) such as the conspiracy theorists (Baylis, Smith, and Owens, 2014). Conspiracy theorists however, believe that there is a link between terrorist organisat ions and political changes in which these terrorist organisations aim to achieve political goals (Hobsawm, 2008). Although there are disagreements in how to deal with global terrorism, Nassar (2010), indicates that war on terrorism is an ideological war. In other words, in order to combat radical Islamic terrorist groups, Islamic states should expand the education opportunities for the youth for better understanding of the religion and improving their awareness within their boundaries. To some up, it may be difficult to predict the future international security especially when it comes with the rapid changes associated with globalisation. Moreover, it is possible to say that the rapid changes associated with globalisation have significant impacts on the modern global terrorism. Similarly, modern terrorism is more dangerous than old terrorism due to the globalisation processes. In essence, it can be possibly said that globalisation may affect the future international security to some extent, and it may increase the ability of global governments to combat the future terrorism. References Baylis, J., Smith, S. and Owens, P. (eds.) (2014) The globalization of world politics: An introduction to international relations. 6th edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Baylis, Smith, and Owens, 2014) Nassar, J.R. (2010c) Globalization and terrorism: The migration of dreams and nightmares. Second Edition edn. United States of America: Rowman Littlefield Publisher, INC. (Nassar, 2010) Giddens, A. and W. Sutton, P. (2013) SOCIOLOGY. 7th Edition edn. Cambridge: Polity Press. Giddens and W. Sutton, (2013), Hobsbawm, E. (2008) Globalisation, democracy and terrorism. LONDON: Abacus. (Hobsawm, 2008) Guelke, A. (2009) The new age of terrorism and the international political system. London: I.B.Tauris Co Ltd, United Kingdom. (Guelke, 2009) Neumann, P.R. (2009) Old and new terrorism: Late modernity, globalization and the transformation of political violence. Cambridge: Polity Press. (Neumann, 2009) Ritzer, G. (ed.) (2007) The blackwell companion to globalization. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. ]Accessed on 24 of February 2017[